Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally created by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's son, Christian Borgward, together with his companion Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the institution in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator in the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his automotive business, and he took control than it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from businesses he had acquired over the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the lenders would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation did not come naturally the growth of legal entities however added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable using the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production with the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such because air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically controlled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after the actual creditors were paid entirely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared in Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeated Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to spellout or justify the business's demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers inside 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by way of North American slump widely used for imported cars during 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further 1 million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment this senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied rules at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU party, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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