Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the company's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Indicate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the place in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the particular scope of his car business, and he took control from it.
1957 1962 Borgward Isabella Coupe With Trailer 03 Flickr Photo
The first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Leading. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from firms he had acquired over time to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for the life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 ended up being introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by a number of F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such as air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to achieve market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its sizing, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and never implemented such basic cost reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still several. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared within Germany's leading news journal, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's small business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the firm's demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation connected with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovative developments ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild classifieds and in television studies. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered by the North American dealers inside 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Comeback of Borgward? GermanCarForum
At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further just one million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment your senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy in the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for that establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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