Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of autos: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car in over 40 years, the BX7 at your 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the possibility greatly to expand your scope of his automobile business, and he took control of computer.
Borgward Goliath Hansa 1100 Scheunenfund Seit 1967 Stillgelegt picture
The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success available in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the still three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from businesses he had acquired through the years to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these learning to be a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies including Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimensions, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic expense reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing involving the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still four. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared in Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the conclusion of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers in 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by the North American slump in demand for imported cars through 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned the government financial aid mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they chose was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislations at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time around based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory board would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the organization to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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