Borgward is surely an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Far east investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the place in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the actual scope of his auto business, and he took control than it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 3 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the opportunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses as well as led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the identify was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired over the years to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the businesses would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company introduced the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties in the German market such as air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing out there. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took good thing about economies of scale and kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimension, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after your creditors were paid entirely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
Borgward Goliath Hansa Cabriolet, Borgward Hansa Pickup, Lloyd
Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared in Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the business's demise. The widest range regarding cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) seemed to be supporting a turnover of only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or chop down apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans for the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe from the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars towards the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers within 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not the one European auto maker hit by way of North American slump widely used for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same season two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the conclusion of December 1960 Borgward approached the bank for a further one million Marks of credit history, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a very still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU party, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg roots, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators to help chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath companies were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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