Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has due to the fact been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the place in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced individual bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the actual scope of his auto business, and he took control than it.
The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward designed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having been able to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses as well as led the development in the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from companies he had acquired in recent times to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by a man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the long run proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production with the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its dimension, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic price reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced to be a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems including water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car although it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by creditors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the particular creditors were paid in full, there was still 4. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared with Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by using a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many of the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the corporation's demise. The widest range involving cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Marks, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or dropped apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (in the event that more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild newspaper and in television stories. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent how the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use their particular expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in the first summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the us market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers inside 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of North American slump successful for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
Modelo não fez sucesso nas vendas, mas sim nas telas de cinema
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the financial institution for a further a single million Marks of credit score, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood associated with critical press comment your senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy with the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its very own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s career. He had studied rules at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU bash, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
Modelo não fez sucesso nas vendas, mas sim nas telas de cinema
In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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