Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his partner Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the business's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business return to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the walls in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his car business, and he took control from it.
The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had can't evolved into the however three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses in addition to led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired through the years to found three separate companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business each time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation would not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which finally proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for your life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such seeing that air suspension and computerized transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its measurement, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as combined development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died throughout July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the actual creditors were paid fully, there was still 4. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on age 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range involving cars from any supplier in Germany, produced by three until eventually recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Scars, placing the overall sales value through the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth location among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article has not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward presently: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television studies. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers with 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit with a North American slump successful for imported cars while in 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment this senators withdrew their assure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a leading Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside the Bavarian establishment that probably included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of their own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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