Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Display.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel in the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself of "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the scope of his vehicle business, and he took control from it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered some of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the movie director of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Leader. Borgward turned his awareness of the other businesses as well as led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was followed by the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used many of the brand names from companies he had acquired over the years to found three distinct companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run as being a single entity, but in a business operated by the man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of several top engineers at Borgward from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella commenced in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinctive line of 1500 cc sports racers inside late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by many F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies including Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale in addition to kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its sizing, as it basically managed as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems likewise. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive as compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company were being technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the particular creditors were paid entirely, there was still several. 5 million Marks left from the business.
By Jack R. Nerad and KBB.com on September 16, 2015 4:13 AM
Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared inside Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's enterprise approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to spell out or justify the businesses demise. The widest range associated with cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto businesses only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence by using an increasingly manic proliferation associated with new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological enhancements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries additionally appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided by the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses for instance auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently as long as they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more in season than today, with sales diminishing in Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was more than usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to them) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in North american demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump popular for imported cars throughout 1960. In the same year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler with whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated directly into English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU party, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician along with the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler inside a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the dispute that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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About 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while simultaneously protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November from the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have got suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any intention of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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