Borgward is definitely an automobile manufacturer originally set up by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the establishment in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and by the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand this scope of his auto business, and he took control of computer.
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The primary "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered quite a few for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses as well as led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was as well as the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from firms he had acquired in the past to found three different companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the amount of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation would not come naturally the spreading of legal entities even so added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which ultimately proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of many top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for your life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers from the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these to become successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such since air suspension and automated transmission, the company had trouble competing available on the market. While larger companies like Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale and kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its size, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies rather than implemented such basic price reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox glitches. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by collectors. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the actual creditors were paid completely, there was still some. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared in Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on 18 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repeating Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s top cover. It was strongly crucial of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many on the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the firm's demise. The widest range involving cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous organizations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover of only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth situation among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their way back to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild newspapers and in television reviews. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans on the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses like auto manufacturing use his or her expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was higher than usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the usa market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit with a North American slump popular for imported cars while in 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Ny were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
The Borgward family also includes the names of Lloyd and Hansa
Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators consented to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment your senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on some February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler who reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice for the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially as a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU get together, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts within the Bavarian establishment that likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory aboard would, in retrospect, contribute to the controversy that followed the Borgward chapter 7.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of your supervisory board joined the directors from the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings to the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for the court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests involving creditors. [16] Two months in the future, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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