Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen in Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has since been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Chinese language investment, and unveiled the business's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at the particular 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business resume 1905 with the business in nearby Varel from the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself associated with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd auto. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and with the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator on the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a possibility greatly to expand the actual scope of his car business, and he took control of it.
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The first "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of little three-wheeled van with 2 hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success already in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget ordered for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having gotten to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or even 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his focus on the other businesses and led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and in 1939 the brand was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that always been in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from organizations he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase how much steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of man to whom delegation wouldn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity through the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which finally proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most favored model and remained in production for your life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers inside the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by several F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such seeing that air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies such as Opel and VW took benefit from economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to realize market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its measurement, as it basically run as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with the front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox mistakes. Lloyd lost money on the car though it was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died within July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true inside sense that after the particular creditors were paid fully, there was still some. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Reviews of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news magazine, “Der Spiegel” on 14 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places recurring Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly vital of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to describe or justify the business's demise. The widest range associated with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto firms only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence on an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified designs featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which all too often did not work, broke down or droped apart, resulting in massive costs for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious public criticism targeting Borgward right now: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly on full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in the early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that on the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered because of the North American dealers with 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to all of them) 6, 000 might have for being taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the only real European auto maker hit with a North American slump in demand for imported cars through 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back in mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further 1 million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied regulation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a respected Hamburg political family, in 1945 he got himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 in addition to 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that possibly included fellow CSU politician and the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler within a top administrative position in the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward personal bankruptcy.
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With 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while at the same time protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November because of the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any purpose of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to be able to survive.
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