Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen inside Germany, ceased operations in your 1960s. The Borgward group created four brands of automobiles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the businesses first new car inside over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the inspiration in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd vehicle. These two businesses merged in 1914 in order to create the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced a bankruptcy proceeding. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand the particular scope of his automotive business, and he took control than it.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward intended was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success out there gap it filled. Traders with a small budget bought for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the however three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or maybe 7 hp Goliath Pioneer. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses along with led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 as well as in 1939 the name was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was and then the Borgward 2300that stayed in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used some of the brand names from companies he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run as a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the spreading of legal entities nonetheless added unhelpful layers of complexity from the 1950s and encouraged a broadening in the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella started out in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most popular model and remained in production for that life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 had been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that is also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties within the German market such since air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the market. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took selling point of economies of scale and kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even above necessary for its sizing, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and not implemented such basic price tag reduction strategies as articulation development and parts sharing between company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems too. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced like a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems such as water leakage and gearbox errors. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive when compared with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was pushed into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died with July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true in the sense that after your creditors were paid entirely, there was still 4. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Stories of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news newspaper, “Der Spiegel” on 15 December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted with a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entrance cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the business's demise. The widest range of cars from any producer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous businesses (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) ended up being supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto companies only in fifth place among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive payments for pre-delivery remediation and/or post delivery warranty work that found their in the past to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious open criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television stories. Critical media commentaries furthermore appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided because of the local Landesbank.It is apparent which the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly at full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside the 1950s/60s was more seasons than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that in the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers throughout 1960 (and on the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in American demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump sought after for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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Right at the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lender for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided provide. However, following the flood regarding critical press comment the senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge this company itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in the still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy from the business.The Bremen Senate in addition insisted on appointing a nominee as chairman from the company’s supervisory board. The man they selected was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe as a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice on the breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied rules at university and worked initially as being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he received himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position within the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler as the representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors of the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for your establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months after, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November through the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” include suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to survive.
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