Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally founded by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in this 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of cars: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grandson, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the firm's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Show.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the organization in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself connected with "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car or truck. These two businesses merged in 1914 to make the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economy then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and from the late 1920s faced bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator from the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented the opportunity greatly to expand your scope of his auto business, and he took control of the usb ports.
The Borgward Isabella was the successor to the Borgward Hansa, and it
The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (super cart), a sort of small three-wheeled van with only two hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success in the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the home of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Corp. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the however three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Founder. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and led the development from the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the title was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from companies he had acquired in the past to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at the same time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the firms would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation failed to come naturally the proliferation of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable while using sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company shown the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward via 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production to the life of the corporation. In 1960 the Borgward P100 seemed to be introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a brand of 1500 cc sports racers within the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these transforming into a successful Formula Two power unit (which has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside German market such because air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale along with kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even beyond necessary for its dimension, as it basically handled as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as shared development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems as well. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as a water-cooled boxer with entry wheel drive, but plagued with problems for instance water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company had been technically solvent. This proved to be true inside the sense that after the creditors were paid completely, there was still several. 5 million Marks remaining from the business.
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Reports of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in a article that appeared with Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by way of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's organization approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the businesses demise. The widest range connected with cars from any manufacturer in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous firms (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Grades, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence when using increasingly manic proliferation of new and modified versions featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") provided rise to components which too much did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or article delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article wasn't the only serious open public criticism targeting Borgward at the moment: suddenly stridently negative (if more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries also appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided with the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their expensive machines and tools most efficiently should they use them constantly with full capacity, but the car market in Europe in the 1950s/60s was more periodic than today, with sales diminishing throughout Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was above usual, reflecting ambitious growth plans, most obviously in respect of north america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that of the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers within 1960 (and of the 12, 000 delivered to these individuals) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump in demand for imported cars during 1960. In the same yr two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in New york were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
File:Borgward P100.jpg Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
At the end of December 1960 Borgward approached your banker for a further a single million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators agreed to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their ensure. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the business itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported in a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to this senate’s terms on 5 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate additionally insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman with the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially to be a lawyer. The scion of a top Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU get together, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginnings, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts inside Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician as well as the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler since the representative of the Bremen senators in order to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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Upon 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided to get a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business enterprise to continue to trade while concurrently protecting the interests connected with creditors. [16] Two months later on, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath corporations were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” have suggested that Semler, for reasons of her own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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