Borgward is usually an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen with Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group produced four brands of vehicles: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has because been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his spouse Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car within over 40 years, the BX7 at this 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business go back to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel with the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself regarding "Namag", maker of the Lloyd car. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled economic situation then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and because of the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented an opportunity greatly to expand the scope of his vehicle business, and he took control from it.
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The initial "automobile" Carl Borgward created was the 1924 Blitzkarren (lightning cart), a sort of tiny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the director of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had by now evolved into the nevertheless three wheeler timber presented synthetic leather bodied 5 or 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the brand-new Hansa Borgward 2000 in addition to in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a few of the brand names from corporations he had acquired in recent times to found three individual companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quantity of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run being a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation didn't come naturally the spreading of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity over the 1950s and encouraged a broadening from the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company displayed the Borgward Hansa 1500.Among the top engineers at Borgward by 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's hottest model and remained in production with the life of the business. In 1960 the Borgward P100 has been introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a type of 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties inside the German market such because air suspension and programmed transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale as well as kept their prices low to find market share, Borgward's cost structure was even greater than necessary for its dimensions, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic price reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems also. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with entrance wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox secrets. Lloyd lost money on the car even though it was more expensive than its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was required into liquidation by credit card companies. Carl Borgward died in July 1963, still insisting the company was technically solvent. This proved to be true within the sense that after this creditors were paid entirely, there was still some. 5 million Marks left from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced in the article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news mag, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted through a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s entry cover. It was strongly essential of Carl Borgward's business approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range involving cars from any company in Germany, produced by three until finally recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) has been supporting a turnover involving only 650 million Signifies, placing the overall sales value from the combined Borgward auto corporations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified types featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological innovations ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") presented rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell into apart, resulting in massive charges for pre-delivery remediation and/or write-up delivery warranty work that found their sources that are to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article had not been the only serious general public criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (when more succinct) comments also turned up in the influential mass-market Bild paper and in television accounts. Critical media commentaries likewise appeared concerning large loans towards the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties at the conclusion of 1960. Capital intensive businesses including auto manufacturing use their own expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing within Winter, then peaking in early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars by the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth options, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered with the North American dealers within 1960 (and with the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to become taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not really the only European auto maker hit by a North American slump popular for imported cars through 1960. In the same calendar year two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned last mid-Atlantic because the docks in Big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed with a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood involving critical press comment the actual senators withdrew their promise. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the corporation itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the senate’s terms on 4 February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy of the business.The Bremen Senate likewise insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman of the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler to whom reports generally describe as being a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated straight into English, does less than full justice towards the breadth of Semler’s job. He had studied law at university and worked initially like a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he had himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU gathering, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 as well as 1953. Despite his Hamburg sources, Semler was by this time based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that almost certainly included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position inside Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to chair the Borgward supervisory table would, in retrospect, contribute to the debate that followed the Borgward individual bankruptcy.
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In 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the particular supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for any court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the company to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his very own, never had any goal of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses to help survive.
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