Borgward can be an automobile manufacturer originally launched by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen within Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group generated four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has considering that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his lover Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from China investment, and unveiled the corporation's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the 2015 International Motor Demonstrate.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back on 1905 with the business in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the muse in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial crisis then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced personal bankruptcy. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator of the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand this scope of his automobile business, and he took control of it.
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The 1st "automobile" Carl Borgward made was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of very small three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget purchased for delivery. The Reichspost ordered many of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the representative of Hansa Lloyd AG having had the oppertunity to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Company. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had right now evolved into the still three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 as well as 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development with the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the fresh Hansa Borgward 2000 and also in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was accompanied by the Borgward 2300that continued to be in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a number of the brand names from corporations he had acquired through the years to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the number of steel allocated to his business during a period of austerity and rationing. For many purposes nokia's would be run like a single entity, but in a business operated with a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the growth of legal entities nevertheless added unhelpful layers of complexity with the 1950s and encouraged a broadening on the range which in the end proved financially unsustainable with all the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company presented the Borgward Hansa 1500.On the list of top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella begun in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most widely used model and remained in production for your life of the organization. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these being a successful Formula Two power unit (that was also used by a few F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such seeing that air suspension and intelligent transmission, the company had trouble competing in the marketplace. While larger companies similar to Opel and VW took benefit of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to gain market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its measurement, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and don't implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing relating to the company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced being a water-cooled boxer with top wheel drive, but plagued with problems for example water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car community . was more expensive in comparison with its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was compelled into liquidation by lenders. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company ended up technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the creditors were paid entirely, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Accounts of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within the article that appeared in Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places similar Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s front cover. It was strongly critical of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many with the arguments later advanced to go into detail or justify the business's demise. The widest range connected with cars from any maker in Germany, produced by three until recently operationally autonomous corporations (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) had been supporting a turnover regarding only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value from your combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth placement among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence with an increasingly manic proliferation regarding new and modified products featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological improvements ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") gave rise to components which too often did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive bills for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their made use of to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article hasn't been the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward currently: suddenly stridently negative (in the event more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided through the local Landesbank.It is apparent that this business was confronting cash-flow difficulties right at the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently when they use them constantly from full capacity, but the car market in Europe within the 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing inside Winter, then peaking in earlier summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was greater than usual, reflecting ambitious growth strategies, most obviously in respect of america market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that with the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered through the North American dealers with 1960 (and from the 12, 000 delivered to these) 6, 000 might have to get taken back following a slump in United states demand. (Borgward was not the only European auto maker hit by way of a North American slump in demand for imported cars in the course of 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in The big apple were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
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By the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further one particular million Marks of credit, the loan to be backed by way of a guarantee from the Bremen local government which initially the Bremen senators opted for provide. However, following the flood connected with critical press comment the particular senators withdrew their assurance. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the organization itself to the state in substitution for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported inside a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the particular senate’s terms on four February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing a unique nominee as chairman on the company’s supervisory board. The man they decided to go with was Johannes Semler whom reports generally describe to be a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice to the breadth of Semler’s vocation. He had studied legislation at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he experienced himself been a founding person in the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a member of the Bundestag between 1950 and also 1953. Despite his Hamburg origins, Semler was by these times based in Munich, with a network of contacts in the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician plus the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler because the representative of the Bremen senators for you to chair the Borgward supervisory panel would, in retrospect, contribute to the conflict that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the supervisory board joined the directors with the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings for the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for just a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling the business to continue to trade while while doing so protecting the interests associated with creditors. [16] Two months afterwards, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath organizations were declared bankrupt, followed in November by the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” get suggested that Semler, for reasons of his or her own, never had any objective of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses for you to survive.
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